A batch system provides the interface to manage resources and schedule workloads. Due to the complexity, batch systems often manifest as a combination of components or modules, and we can see this for both HPC systems and Kubernetes.
Advanced / developer note: the modularity afforded by these systems often makes them very flexible / pluggable for integrating components from one into the other, etc. Batch systems can be nested in other batch systems, if the technology allows for it.
Converged Computing Authors. "Batch System." Converged Computing Community Space 29 Nov 2024, https://converged-computing.org/docs/batch-system/ (accessed 29 Nov 24). [doi]